Which word describes someone who is from a different country and does not hold citizenship?

The term that best describes someone who is from a different country and does not hold citizenship is "foreigner." This word specifically refers to an individual who is not a national of the country in which they are currently located. A foreigner typically may possess a temporary visa or residency status, allowing them to reside in a country legally without conferring citizenship.

In contrast, a "local" refers to someone who is native to or resides within a particular area, often implying that they hold citizenship or a permanent status in that location. The term "resident" indicates someone who lives in a place for an extended period, but it doesn’t specify their citizenship status; they could be either a citizen or a foreigner. Meanwhile, "citizen" denotes an individual who has legal rights and privileges, including the right to vote and reside indefinitely in that country, thereby distinguishing them from those who are foreigners. Thus, "foreigner" is the term that accurately captures the concept of someone from a different country lacking citizenship.